In 2018, California revised its Automatic Renewal Law (ARL), which imposes detailed disclosure requirements for automatic renewals on subscription services, and businesses have been battling class-action lawsuits since. In September, the California Court of Appeals returned a win for subscription-based businesses when it held that no private action exists under the California ARL. This is a major victory as it prevents consumers from suing companies directly for failure to adhere to the Automatic Renewal Law and ruled that it can only be enforced using previous statutes.